Hepatitis D infection involves a defective viral agent that causes symptoms only in association with hepatitis B infection.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors
Hepatitis D virus may increase the severity of an acute hepatitis B infection, aggravate previously existing hepatitis B liver disease , or cause symptoms in previously asymptomatic hepatitis B carriers. Hepatitis D infects about 15 million people worldwide, occuring in 5% of people with hepatitis B. Risk factors include the following:
Previous hepatitis B infection Being a carrier of hepatitis B Receiving many blood transfusions Intravenous drug abuse
Treatment
Treatment is the same as for hepatitis B .
Expectations (prognosis)
Expectations are similar to those of acute hepatitis B. The acute illness usually subsides over 2 to 3 weeks, and the liver enzyme levels return to baseline within 16 weeks. About 10% of people infected may develop chronic hepatitis.
Calling your health care provider
Call for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms of hepatitis B occur.
Prevention
Prompt recognition and treatment of hepatitis B infection can help prevent hepatitis D. Avoid intravenous drug abuse. If IV drugs are used, avoid sharing needles. There is a vaccine available to prevent hepatitis B and should be considered by people who are at risk due to IV drug use, exposure to blood products, or sexual behaviors.